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Difficulty: 7/102023 IMO 2023 (Q2)

Let be an acute-angled triangle with . Let be the circumcircle of . Let be the midpoint of the arc of containing . The perpendicular from to meets at and meets again at . The line through parallel to meets line at . Denote the circumcircle of triangle by . Let meet again at .

Prove that the line tangent to at meets line on the internal angle bisector of .

Options:

  • A.

    The orthogonal to at meets on the angle bisector of .

  • B.

    No such configuration exists under the given conditions.

  • C.

    The relation holds only for sufficiently large values in the system.

  • The tangent to at meets on the angle bisector of .

Guide / Hint

Hint 1: is the midpoint of arc containing : so and bisects . is the altitude from .

Hint 2: Use the parallel condition to transfer angles. The circumcircle of has predictable inscribed angles.

Hint 3: At : the tangent to and the chord make a tangent-chord angle equal to (inscribed in ). Relate this to angles in .

Solution

Step 1: is the midpoint of arc containing , so (no — is the arc midpoint, so and is the angle bisector of ).

Step 2: with on . . The line through parallel to meets at .

Step 3: Since and : triangle has specific angle relations with (where is the foot). The circumcircle of has computable angles.

Step 4: is the second intersection of and . The tangent to at makes angle with (by the tangent-chord angle). Using inscribed angles in both circles, chase the angle to show the tangent meets at a point on the angle bisector from .

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