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Difficulty: 3/102025 IOQM 2025 (Q18)

Find the number of ways to arrange the letters of the word OLYMPIAD such that the vowels (O, Y, I, A) always stay together. (Note: Treat Y as a vowel here as specified in this problem).

Options:

  • A.

    2881

  • B.

    2882

  • 2880

  • D.

    2883

Guide / Hint

Hint 1: Treat the group of vowels [O, Y, I, A] as a single block. This block plus the 4 consonants gives 5 items to arrange.

Hint 2: The number of ways to arrange these 5 items is .

Hint 3: Within the block, the 4 vowels can be arranged in ways. Multiply these two numbers: .

Solution

Step 1: The letters of the word OLYMPIAD are: O, L, Y, M, P, I, A, D. There are letters in total, all of which are unique.

  • Vowels to stay together: . There are vowels.

  • Consonants: . There are consonants.

Step 2: Treat the group of vowels as a single "super-letter" or block. We now have:

  • The vowel block:

  • The individual consonants:

Total elements to arrange: elements.

Step 3: The number of ways to arrange these elements is:

Step 4: Within the vowel block, the distinct vowels can be arranged among themselves in:

Step 5: The total number of arrangements is the product of these two counts:

So there are valid arrangements.

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